Bullying in the schools
Introduction
The human being has the aptitude to experience diverse emotions and feelings, which are forming the way of thinking and of being in agreement to the experience, but in some occasions and as surely the majority we have experimented, the repressions that we feel with aggressive attitudes obtaining satisfaction those who do not have the fault without realizing in this moment, but we do it with persons who surely will not be able to defend not to feel attacked provoking this way an act completely of violence, better acquaintance as bullying. (Menéndez 2006).
In Mexico, like in many more countries, to find this act of violence is generally in places where there is a social environment established with persons with whom one coexists most of the week as the school, the work, centers of education; the above mentioned phenomenon has been so an appellant in our country that the OECD has granted the first place to him international level with more cases of bullying in September of last year. (Mendez, 2002)
Theoretical frame
The bullying can be considered to be a form of violence which is defined by the WHO as the intentional use of the physical force, you threaten against one itself, another person, a group or a community that has as consequence or it is very probable that it takes as a consequence a traumatism, psychological hurts, problems of development or the death. (Menéndez 2006).
There exist diverse types of violence that they classify for his type under different categories; a classification is for the way in which it expresses as blows, insults, actions giving place to categories as physical, verbal, psychological, social, between others; another classification refers to the relation of the victim with the aggressor as son or companion of class, which gives categories as economic violence, intrafamiliar, school. But it is the set of both categories what gives like proved a violent act that indicates the place, the relation and the way in which the act of violence was carried out. (Mendez, 2002)
A very well-known and mentioned example last years is the violence between companions of classes in the schools, where the aggressor not only express violence inside the school, also out of and taking as a tool the social networks, which before were not available. (Mendez, 2002)
Bullying
The bullying is a concept that it includes to the school harassment, which is defined by the SEP as a form of violence between companions in which one o more pupils are a nuisance and attack in a way constant and repeated to one o more companions, who cannot defend in an effective way and generally to be in a position of disadvantage. (Menéndez 2006).
It was studied by the first time in 1973 by Dan Olwes in Norway, who studied the suicide of three young women in his country and in addition it created a complete plan to offset this one it forms of violence. The above mentioned mistreatment is exercised by an alone person or a group of persons, who choose the victim in such a way that the victim is not capable of defending itself to answer the aggression and this way to fulfill the aim of the aggressor, who generally is different. The victims generally are persons of between 6 and 17 years of age in Mexico. (Mendez, 2002)
There are four different types of bullying:
Verbal: he understands insults like rude words or jeers and humiliations publicly.
Psychological: it refers to the promotion of low autoesteem and of fear in the victim, who does not need necessarily of insults.
Physicist: such as blows, pushes, kicks, aggressions with objects.
Social: with an attempt of exclusion in the social environment.
Aggressor or aggressors
The aggressor generally is of active type and has violent attitudes that it expresses by means of insults, blows, humiliations, etc to his victim, which somehow encourages or makes him feel better, and to make evident that it is very probable that the aggressor suffers some psychological problems as repression, enclosedly violence; which of reason inconvenience and the only form that he finds as alleviation is the practice of violence to another person, and what in addition he is turned simultaneously by victim, a victim who possesses the skill of expressing neither to control his emotions and on the contrary to find a selfish alleviation. (Menéndez 2006).
It is important to mention that for the bullying both parts (aggressor and victim) are fundamental in order that the violent act is carried out, since without a possible victim, the aggressor would not achieve his aim. Bearing in mind that the aggressor is simultaneously a direct victim of some type of violence, without justifying it it is important to mention the vital thing that is to try to understand the aggressor and to give him priority. (Mendez, 2002)
An ill-treated child will be an adult aggressor
The education that the tutors of the infante give is fundamental, since from her his character and way of thinking was formed, as well as of determining if what it does is correct or it it is not. It is probable that in the last decades due to the company in which we are full of stress and need for surviving, the education of the children has been left in the second term giving priority to the basic needs that are covered with a sustenance economic that alone is obtained by means of the work, which keeps occupied the parents, who only spend the stress to his children or simply because the education of the children already is so strict not even plaintiff. (Mendez, 2002)
It is probable that in last decades the consequences of the bullying have worsened due to the fact that the company every time is a bit more liberal and for the same thing more permissive and the notable aggressions are increasingly serious; therefore the most serious aggressions take us to more serious consequences, as the suicide, depression or autoaggression, the previous thing takes in it counts in addition, the lack of attention of the parents towards his children and the aggressive and heavy load of the world that surrounds us, of persons depressed constant, in a company full of stereotypes that they qualify in a cruel way since they leave the victim with the only option to flee permanently across the death. (Menéndez 2006).
The victim
It is characterized for being a submissive person and with down autoesteem, the problem of the fall of autoesteem in the last years is due to the stereotype so marked by the company and so punished for being different from the established one, also for lack of attention of the parents, who in diverse occasions are the last ones to find out due to lack of communication, that his children are victims of bullying because they remain with the idea that in the school one finds in a sure place, since they are guarded by the teacher, without bearing in mind that the teacher has only the obligation to teach and guide a group of pupils, for which the violence can happen unnoticed. (Menéndez 2006).
It is very important to take in it counts the bullying as a problem that originates in the education, and has very serious consequences, so these persons who in a future will be those that they take charge forming to the company that surrounds us and it was determining the future, it will be a company full of traumas and forced; without realizing and considering to the violence as a normal and common act that neither is it does not even generate a problem because by then, it will be a custom. (Menéndez 2006).
The bullying loses importance due to the fact that the majority of the population thinks that it is a problem that always has existed and it should not him give so much importance, the problem is that in the last decades due to the fact that the aggressions are stronger, the consequences also, so before the consequences were for example, weeping, sadness and enclosedly depression but not neither the death nor the autoaggression that is now very an appellant. (Menéndez 2006).
Bibligraphy
Menéndez Benavente Isabel.(2006). Bullying, 2016, PsicologÃa de la Educación para padres y profesionales Sitio web: http://www.psicopedagogia.com/bullying.
Mendez Duran Guadalupe S., Cuevas P. Gloria I.,Lopez Reyes Jose Roberto. (2002). México, primer lugar en bullying entre paÃses de la OCDE.(2016) Editorial Académica Española. Sitio web: http://derechobullying.jimdo.com/planteamiento-del-problema/origen/
Abstract
Objetive To study the aptitudes of children and teenagers and to investigate causes of the physcological problema named as Bullying.
Materials and methods: comparation of diferent results of investigations.
Results: Bullying may be a danger for many people, for victims and for agressors, it can cause deaths or physical damages.
Conclutions: Bullying is associated with psychopathology, which requires timely psychiatric attention.
Key words: students; bullying; psychopathology; Mexico